Do you have a gadget that?s full of trouble? Are there computer issues that annoy you and your family daily? Tell us about your tech problems and we may answer your question on-air this weekend on TODAY. Hit the comments section on this post and share your woes.
Apple TVs are great – you can stream video from iTunes, Netflix, your home computer, and you can display content from your iPad to your TV using AirPlay and AirPlay Mirroring.? But Apple TVs have only HDMI output, so you can’t use it with every display.? The ATV Pro from Kanex is an HDMI to [...]
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‘Hot Jupiters’ are Jupiter-mass planets orbiting close to stars. A study suggests that they might have been kicked inward from their original orbit, destroying or ejecting other planets.?
It’s lonely, being a hot Jupiter.
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But that seems to be the lot for Jupiter-scale extrasolar planets orbiting within a whisker of sun-like stars, according to a new study. It shows that such planets are likely to be the only surviving children of their host star.
The work not only sheds light on how such systems form, it also gives humans one more reason to appreciate their own Jupiter. Had the solar system’s largest planet followed the same developmental process that hot Jupiters apparently have, Earth would have been either pulverized or sent hurtling into interstellar space.
?That would be bad for us,? observes Jason Steffen, a researcher at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory’s Center for Particle Astrophysics in Batavia, Ill.
While finding an Earth-mass planet in a star’s so-called habitable zone remains the holy grail of efforts to detect extrasolar planets, studying oddballs such as hot Jupiters provides insights into the processes that create the wide range of solar-system configurations researchers have so far uncovered.
The study, published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, aimed to answer a question astronomers and astrophysicists have been asking since the first hot Jupiter was discovered in 1995: How do such systems wind up with that configuration?
Gas giants orbiting other stars at distances that would fall well inside of Mercury’s orbit were the first extrasolar planets discovered. Because of their mass and their close-in orbit, hot Jupiters’ effects on their parent stars are more pronounced than in other systems. Once researchers had identified these planets as gas giants, the chin-scratching began.
In our solar system, Jupiter and the other outer gas planets formed beyond what researchers have dubbed the solar system’s frost line: a region in the early sun’s disk of dust and gas where water, ammonia, methane, and other hydrogen-bearing compounds freeze into ice grains. Inside the frost line, the rocky planets formed.
Two competing scenarios emerged to explain how Jupiter-like gas giants migrated inward. The new report has led one team member to come to a definitive conclusion in the debate. ?
The earliest explanation suggested that a hot Jupiter forms beyond the frost line, but gravity from a passing star, or perhaps another massive companion planet, kicks the Jupiter into a highly elliptical orbit around its star. Each time the planet passes close to the star, its orbit is gradually reshaped until the orbit is far less elliptical orbit and so close that its ?year? can be as fast as 19 hours.
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The Soyuz rocket is seen in the monitor of a video camera moments before Soyuz Commander Gennady Padalka and flight engineers Joseph Acaba and Sergei Revin arrived to board the rocket at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for their flight to join their crew mates already aboard the International Space Station. The craft successfully launched at 11:01 p.m. EDT, Monday, May 14, 2012.
The trio will dock to the station?s Poisk Mini-Research Module at 12:38 a.m. Thursday, bringing Expedition 31 to its full six-member complement.
Image Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls
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??c??is acquiring the AN/PRC-117G radios to provide next-generation wideband tactical communications to combat controllers and other ground personnel. The radios enable mission-critical voice and data applications at the tactical edge, supporting network-enabled missions such as close-air support, precision fires, MEDEVAC and collaborative chat.
15791_07The AN/PRC-117G radio system addresses growing Air Force requirements for multiband, multimode radios that deliver secure access to voice, video and data in real time,15791_1615791_16 said George Helm, president, Department of Defense business, Harris RF Communications. 15791_07The radio provides critical real-time information to warfighters on the move and in the air to achieve unprecedented situational awareness on the battlefield.15791_10
Software-defined and upgradeable, the AN/PRC-117G supplies mobile ad-hoc networking, as well as voice and high-bandwidth data applications. These capabilities support network-enabled missions such as intelligen?? ??porting and analysis, route planning, MEDEVAC, convoy tracking, and checkpoint biometrics. At about half the size of previous manpack radios, the AN/PRC-117G delivers vast improvements in power, as well as size and weight.
The AN/PRC-117G is the first JTRS Software Communications Architecture-certified and NSA Type-1 certified wideband manpack radio system. With its fully integrated and NSA-certified High Assurance Internet Protocol Equipment (HAIPE) networking encryption, the AN/PRC-117G provides the highest level of information assurance to tactical units.
Harris has shipped more than 16,000 AN/PRC-117G radio systems to the U.S. DoD and allies such as Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, other NATO nations and Australia. The radio was developed following the JTRS Enterprise Business Model (EBM). The EBM encourages companies to develop next-generation solutions in tactical communications using their own investment capital to integrate JTRS waveform software. In doing so, the EBM stimulates co??e??tion, increases innovation, and reduces cost through software re-use.
Harris RF Communications is the leading global supplier of secure radio communications and embedded high-grade encryption solutions for military, government and commercial organizations. The company?s Falcon? family of software-defined tactical radio systems encompasses manpack, handheld and vehicular applications. Falcon III is the next generation of radios supporting the U.S. military?s Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) requirements, as well as network-centric operations worldwide. Harris RF Communications is also a leading supplier of assured communications? systems and equipment for public safety, utility and transportation markets 15791_01 with products ranging from the most advanced IP voice and data networks to portable and mobile single- and multiband radios.
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Extended breastfeeding is the norm in most human and primate societies. So why are we the weird ones?
“Attachment (with respect to Martin Schoeller)” by Nathaniel Gold
My son will be three-years-old next month and is still breastfeeding. In other words, he is a typical primate. However, when I tell most people about this the reactions I receive run the gamut from mild confusion to serious discomfort. Their concerns are usually that extended breastfeeding could be stunting his independence and emotional development?the ?Linus Blanket Syndrome? in the words of Michael Zollicoffer, a pediatrician at the Herman & Walter Samuelson Children?s Hospital at Sinai Hospital in Baltimore. Worse yet, they hint that it might even cause ?destructive? psychosexual problems that he will be burdened with throughout his adult life. Could they be right? Was our choice ?a prescription for psychological disaster? as Fox News psychiatrist Keith Ablow wrote in response to TIME magazine?s provocative cover article on attachment parenting? Just when is the natural age to stop breastfeeding?
One thing I?ve learned in my research on human evolution is that people are quick to assume that what they do is ?natural? simply because they don?t know of other examples where things are done differently. The primate brain is a pattern recognition machine and is adapted to quickly identify regularities in our environment. But when we are presented with the same pattern over and over again it is easy to fall victim to what is known as confirmation bias, or coming to false conclusions because the evidence we use does not come from a broad enough sample. In order to avoid falling for this bias on the question of extended breastfeeding the best way forward would be to draw from the largest sample possible: the entire primate lineage.
In their classic paper, ?Life History Variation in Primates? published in the premier scientific journal Evolution, the British zoologists Paul H. Harvey at Oxford and Tim Clutton-Brock at Cambridge published the most comprehensive data then available on the world?s primates. The variables they measured included everything from litter size and age at weaning to adult female body weight and length of the estrous cycle among 135 primate species (including humans). By analyzing the relationships between these variables, using a statistical approach known as a regression analysis, they identified striking patterns that held across primate taxa.
One especially strong correlation was that adult female body weight was closely tied to their offspring?s weaning age, so much so that knowing the first would allow you to predict the second with a 91% success rate. As a result it can be calculated that a young primate?s weaning age in days is equal to 2.7 times their mother?s body weight in grams. This calculation predicts, given the range of female body sizes around the world from the !Kung-San of South Africa to the Arctic Inuit, that humans should have an average weaning age of between 2.8 and 3.7 years old.
How well does this prediction hold for our species? According to data compiled by UNICEF, half of the world?s population continues breastfeeding until at least the age of two. Furthermore, weaning in these cases doesn?t mean the total cessation of breastfeeding. It simply means the introduction of solid foods, with supplemental breastfeeding continuing for months or even years. However, these statistics are all drawn from sedentary, agricultural societies that have at least some contact with modern trends in child development. What about those societies whose way of life is most like that of our Pleistocene ancestors?
To answer this question Yale University anthropologist Clellan Stearns Ford utilized the largest historical collection of anthropological data available, the Human Relations Area Files, and analyzed the weaning age of 64 non-Western ?traditional? societies?small-scale horticultural and hunter-gatherer populations. His analysis (see Figure 1 below) determined that the average age of weaning is approximately three years old, just as Harvey and Clutton-Brock predicted. Furthermore, because these traditional societies are dispersed throughout the globe and have no contact with one another (or often anyone except the visiting anthropologists) these societies offer a broad enough sample size to avoid the problem of confirmation bias.
Figure 1. A comparison of age at weaning in the United States and in 64 traditional societies. From Ford, C.S. (1964) “A Comparative Study of Human Reproduction,” cited by Dettwyler, K.A. (1995).
?Regardless of ecology,? write anthropologists Barry Hewlett and Michael Lamb in their book Hunter-gatherer Childhoods, ?hunting and gathering groups are characterized by frequent and extended breastfeeding and extraordinarily high levels of parent-child physical contact and proximity.?
In contrast to these global trends among traditional societies and non-Western countries, U.S. government data estimates that fewer than 15% of Americans continue nursing their infants after they are just six months old (while Canadians are slightly higher with an average of about 25%). Likewise, as detailed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Family Database [PDF], most countries in Western Europe cluster in the same 15-25% range as those in North America.
The worldwide trends therefore seem to be relatively straightforward: most humans tend to wean at a similar stage in their life history as other primates, which works out to about three years old based on our relatively large body size. This weaning age can then be adjusted based on the environment or traditions in a particular culture. However, Western nations appear to be an outlier to what is otherwise a natural behavior for our species. On this point the World Health Organization and UNICEF are both in line with the predictions from primate life history. Both global health organizations recommend the following:
Initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour after the birth; exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months; and continued breastfeeding for two years or more, together with safe, nutritionally adequate, age appropriate, responsive complementary feeding starting in the sixth month.
The benefits of extended breastfeeding have been demonstrated both in the less developed and the industrialized world. For example, research carried out in Burkina Faso by epidemiologist Simon Cousins for the Bulletin of the World Health Organization and in Washington, DC by Dr. Kathleen M. Buckley for the Journal of Human Lactation, both showed that extended breastfeeding until three years old resulted in lower rates of malnutrition compared to those who were not breastfed as long.
Longer duration of breastfeeding has also been shown to significantly improve a child?s immune response to infectious disease. Writing in the British Medical Journal, K?re M?lbak and colleagues at the University of Copenhagen analyzed the incidence of diarrhea in weaned and partially breastfed children in the West African Republic of Guinea-Bissau. They determined that not only did breastfed children get sick less often than weaned children, but those who continued partial breastfeeding up until the age of three had the lowest rate of infection. As the authors concluded:
Apart from the remarkably higher incidence of diarrhea in breast fed children the clear decline in the rates of diarrhea in breast fed children in the second year of life was also surprising since the older children were breast fed irregularly and their main diet was as for adults.
Identical results were found in rural East Bhutan by Erik B?hler and colleagues from the Department of International Health in Oslo, Norway, as reported in the journal Acta Paediatrica.
?Breastfeeding between 12 and 36 months of age was associated with reduced risk of diarrhea,? wrote the authors. ?Breastfed children also gained significantly more weight during the monsoon season, and breastfeeding protected children against weight loss due to diarrhea.?
The unusually low level of breastfeeding in the United States therefore has public health implications rather than simply being a lifestyle choice. Ultimately, mothers?as well as fathers?need to decide for themselves how much, or how little, breastfeeding they are comfortable with. However, as a society, we can support their choices by making sure that everyone has access to reliable information and by creating a positive environment so that breastfeeding mothers aren?t subject to social stigmas or value judgements for doing what, after all, is only natural.
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ChangeKitchen CIC is delighted to be working together with four other small foodie firms centred around Kings Heath Birmingham, the B14 collective.
The group is featured in this article in Great Food magazine and helps keep the shelves of Capeling & Co local. The other members are
We work together to promote our food ? small local producers who believe in great taste. But don?t worry, we?re going to start serving sausages! Our vegetarian values are as important as ever, and we?re well known in the vegan community for our vegan options and all-vegan events. But we?re delighted to work closely with different partners over the whole range of our values: ethical business, social enterprise, fair trade, environmental, reducing food miles, small business, co-operation, affordable gourmet food, and of course no meat. Together we?re stronger!
Great Food magazine is a colourful quarterly publication with the latest on local food in the Midlands. It ?celebrates local produce in the Heart of England, tells the stories of the people who bring it to your plates/glasses, and offers seasonal recipes. It also brings you restaurant reviews, events information and news from the local food and drink scene.?
We serve delicious food at your wedding or business event, not ethics, but if you share some of our values, that?s one more reason to get in touch with ChangeKitchen now about your next event! If you?re hesitating, read what our customers say.
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Apple’s iPad gives you numerous ways to take notes, from typing on the virtual keyboard to writing on the touchscreen with a stylus or your finger. The note-taking app Penultimate (99 cents), recently purchased by the note-syncing and storage app company Evernote, is one of the best iPad note-taking apps around. It’s fast, friendly, flexible, and at less than a buck, a bargain, all reasons it’s an Editors’ Choice. Using the app is second nature because it’s nearly the same as doodling in a paper notebook. While the app’s touch-based sophistication will no doubt impress consumers, when paired with a touch stylus like the Kensington Virtuoso ($24.99), Penultimate can scale to the professional demands of engineers, architects, and industrial designers. Not to mention that the app is optimized for the new iPad’s high-resolution retina display.
The Penultimate iPad app doesn’t have a keyboard, so it’s not useful for typing notes. And it isn’t quite as feature-rich as our other Editors’ Choice Note Taker HD ($4.99, 4.5 stars)?although the latter costs five times as much. (For more recommendations, see “Note-Taking Apps for the iPad.”)
Broad Strokes
Penultimate’s interface looks familiar, though if there’s any uncertainty, an interactive walkthrough takes just a couple of minutes to complete. You write in a virtual notebook, filled with blank, grid, or lined pages. The tools, a pen?fine, medium, or broad tipped, in ten shades?and eraser follow your finger or stylus across the page. New pages appear when you flip forward by touching the top corner of a page. Flipping between pages is nearly as smooth as thumbing the pages of a physical book, a testament to the app’s speed.
Also worth mentioning are two controls through which you can improve usage. From the settings,you can move the toolbar?buttons for clearing a page, writing, and erasing?from the bottom of a page to the top. There’s also a clever feature called Wrist Protection, which, automatically disregards stray marks from a resting wrist. Sometimes, especially when doodling, Wrist Protection can be overly protective, ignoring quick swipes, but when it comes to writing, it’s a must.
Finger Painting
Penultimate organizes your work in terms of “Notebooks.” Accessing different notebooks is as easy as returning to “My Notebooks” and swiping through the covers. Inside a notebook, you can create as many pages as you like. Unlike a notebook that comes in one style?blank, lined, or grid?with Penultimate, you can alternate between the three paper background styles. An in-app connection to The Paper Shop allows you to buy additional paper styles, such as sheet music paper, should you choose. A few are free, but most cost about a dollar.
If you make mistakes, as you will at first while getting used to writing with your finger or a new stylus, you can use either an eraser or an “undo” button. Multiple undos are supported, thankfully, and a redo button lets you toggle back if you undo too many actions.
The Penultimate iPad app doesn’t have handwriting-to-text OCR, as the app Notes Plus ($7.99) does. So if you write by hand, the text stays in your handwriting, for better or worse. The iPad display doesn’t tent to make handwriting look any worse than it already is, and if anything, smooths it slightly. Penultimate is fine for quick notes, and amazing for sketching or mind-mapping, but we wouldn’t recommend it for heavy writing.
Art Gallery
Whether you’re sharing in real time through a projector, distributing sketches as PDFs, or backing up files in iTunes, Penultimate is a capable companion. If you’re looking to collaborate with colleagues, you can connect your pad to a projector via the Apple iPad VGA Adapter ($29). You can also share sketches via email. From inside a notebook, you can select either page or a full notebook to be attached as either a standard PDF or the proprietary .pen format.
Exported PDFs look great. There’s even an option to include the paper background image, or convert it to flat white. You can import image files into your notebooks and mark them up with notes or just place them on a page and resize them however you want. Penultimate integrates well with Dropbox, Evernote (Penultimate is now owned by the company Evernote), and iTunes.
Your Last Pen
Penultimate for iPad, a PCMag Editors’ Choice, is an excellent and ridiculously inexpensive note-taking app that is especially handy for those who have to sketch diagrams and images in their notes. Typists will lament the lack of a keyboard and should stick to Note Taker HD, our other Editors’ Choice, instead.
Tight integration with Dropbox and Evernote, two big players in the cloud syncing space, given Penultimate a little more utility than it would otherwise have on its own. Now that the product has been picked up by Evernote, we’re excited to see what’s in store next for this capable and already impressive app.
More iPad App Reviews:
??? Penultimate (for iPad)
??? Apple iOS 5.1.1 (for iPhone, iPad, iPod touch)
??? Pixlr-o-matic (for iPad)
??? iSimplyConnect (for iPad)
??? Adobe Photoshop Touch (for iPad)
?? more
Now, we don’t normally cover this sort of networking equipment, but we were quite impressed by HP’s new t410 All-in-One Smart Zero Client after we spoke to its proud product manager Walt Jurek. First of all, this isn’t an AIO desktop PC, nor is it an LCD monitor — well, if you’re unfamiliar with thin clients, just think of this as an 18.5-inch, 1,366 x 768 LED-backlit monitor (featuring a 3M technology for the 200 nit brightness — our money’s on the Uniformity Tape) that uses just one Ethernet cable to get both its 13W power from a PoE (Power over Ethernet) switch, as well as data connection over Citrix, Microsoft or VMWare protocol. The t410 can automatically detect the virtualization environment and then reprogram its digital signal processor when needed, meaning less manual work for the admin (in theory, anyway). More after the break.
Gallery: HP t410 All-in-One Smart Zero Client
HP t410 AIO Smart Zero Client does single-wire Power over Ethernet, no power cord required originally appeared on Engadget on Thu, 10 May 2012 15:41:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
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